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Herbal medicines have been used to treat various types
2025-02-28
Herbal medicines have been used to treat various types of diseases and disorders for thousands of years worldwide (Li and Brown, 2009). Natural products have been the remedy of cancer chemotherapy for the past several decades. Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. (Labiatae), commonly known as 'yu-chen-ts
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br Conflicts of interest br Financial support This work was
2025-02-28
Conflicts of interest Financial support This work was supported by grants from the Fondazione Cariplo [Grant number 2011-0463] (Carini); and by Funds for Original Research of the Università del Piemonte Orientale (2016, Project: Carini-Boldorini). The sponsors had no involvement in study desig
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ASK has been identified as an ASK binding protein
2025-02-28
ASK2 has been identified as an ASK1 binding protein (Wang et al., 1998). ASK1 supports the stability and active configuration of ASK2 in the heteromeric complex, while ASK2 has been found to activate ASK1 by direct phosphorylation (Takeda et al., 2007). Unlike ASK1, which is ubiquitously expressed i
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br Experimental Section br Results
2025-02-28
Experimental Section Results and Discussion Conclusions The advantages of the novel enzymo-chemical method for Mn and Co assay are simplicity of analytical procedure and economic effect due to the usage of only one enzyme in the form of apo-enzyme. An effectiveness of the apo-arginase-base
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Reactive oxygen species is an
2025-02-28
Reactive oxygen species is an aspect of oxidative stress which are associated with many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, inflammation, atherosclerosis and cancers (Collins, 2005; Halliwell, 1994). Thus, the need for naturally occurring antioxidants is of crucial importance. Some biop
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Limitations of this study include the use
2025-02-28
Limitations of this study include the use of HL-1 cardiomyocytes, which show different characteristics than primary cardiomyocytes [56]. Furthermore, sustained TAC in Ampkα1-deficient mice did not favorably influence cardiac function [33]. It must be kept in mind that global Ampkα1-deficiency may af
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Table reports the results for the categorical coding
2025-02-28
Table 3 reports the results for the categorical coding of diagnosis. The categorical coding is less hypothesis driven than the continuous coding because it allows for nonlinear interactions that are driven by only two groups (CN → MCI stable, CN → MCI progressor, and CN → AD). That said, this analys
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br Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives
2025-02-28
Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives While postmortem human Ki8751 material is relatively sparse and has inherent limitations as discussed above, additional investigations could benefit from analysis of in vitro cellular models to corroborate findings in patient material. Generation of neu
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br Experimental procedures br Results br Discussion br Ackno
2025-02-27
Experimental procedures Results Discussion Acknowledgments Introduction β-Adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) belong to the superfamily of membrane proteins termed G protein-coupled receptors. β-ARs are distributed in the effector pdgf receptor of most of the sympathetic nerve fibers, and t
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It has been reported that HT
2025-02-27
It has been reported that 5-HT2R involves in type 2 diabetes mellitus and 5-HT-induced IR [22,23]. The present study also demonstrated that it is 5-HT2R rather than other 5-HT receptors, including 5-HT1BR and 5-HT7R, in the liver that mediates HFD-induced abnormality of hepatic lipid metabolism, and
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An alternative approach to the administration of ADO agonist
2025-02-27
An alternative approach to the administration of ADO agonists is to amplify the actions of endogenous ADO by inhibiting the ADO-metabolizing enzyme, ADO kinase (AK). Inhibition of AK has the net effect of potentiating the local concentration and the effects of ADO in the extracellular compartment. T
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Acetylcholinesterase AChE activity and expression level can
2025-02-27
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and expression level can be down regulated by TCDD in neuronal cells [3], [6]. Thus AChE could be considered as a target of the neuronal toxicity of dioxin. AChE has several types of transcripts by alternative splicing in the 3′ region of primary transcripts [7],
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br Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke
2025-02-27
Autophagy and cell death pathways in ischemic stroke Although very important for the effects on post-ischemic ML347 injury, autophagy is not the only mechanism of action involved in cell death. Necrosis and apoptosis are two other distinct forms of cell death with great difference in morphology
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V ATPase is a complex enzyme that is
2025-02-27
V-ATPase is a complex enzyme that is composed of several subunits, which are assembled into two domains: trans-membrane (V0) and cytosolic (V1) domains [3,5]. Epididymal epithelial SB 216763 of rats has been reported to contain V-ATPase which is distributed at the apical pole of the narrow and clea
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br Conflicts of interest br Introduction Phosphatidic
2025-02-27
Conflicts of interest Introduction Phosphatidic buparlisib phosphatase (PAP) enzymes are responsible for catalyzing the reaction that dephosphorylates phosphatidic acid (PA), which in turn produces diacylglycerol (DAG) and a phosphate group during phospholipid regulation (Fig. 1A) [1]. Subseq